Tech and Programming Blog

Introduction The Euclidean Algorithm is an efficient method used to find the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) of two numbers. The GCD of two integers is the largest number that divides both numbers without leaving a remainder. Instead of checking every possible divisor, the Euclidean Algorithm uses a mathematical approach based on repeated division. The idea is simple: replace the larger number with the remainder obtained after dividing it by the smaller number, and repeat the process until the remainder becomes zero. In C++, this algorithm can be implemented using loops or recursion, making it a great example for understanding algorithm efficiency and problem-solving techniques. Let’s Explore the Euclidean Algorithm in C++ Today, we are going to use Euclidean Algorithm in C++. The Euclidean Algorithm is a classical and highly efficient method for finding the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) of two integers. The GCD of two numbers is the largest positive integer that divides both numbers ...

Introduction A queue is a linear data structure in C++ that follows the FIFO (First In, First Out) principle. This means the element that is inserted first is the first one to be removed. Queues are widely used in real-world applications such as task scheduling, printer management, buffering data, and handling requests in operating systems. In C++, queues can be implemented using arrays, linked lists, or by using the built-in queue container provided by the Standard Template Library (STL). Learning queues helps beginners understand orderly data processing and efficient resource management. Let’s Explore the Queue Data Structure in C++ Today, we going to create Queues in C++ . A queue in C++ is a linear data structure that follows FIFO (First In, First Out) , where the first element added is the first one removed. It can be implemented in C++ using  arrays  or  linked lists . There are four types of Queues: Simple Queue  – Elements are inserted at the rear and rem...

Introduction A stack is a linear data structure in C++ that follows the LIFO (Last In, First Out) principle, it means the element that is inserted last is the first one to be removed. Stacks are commonly used in programming for tasks such as function calls, expression evaluation, undo/redo operations, and backtracking. It can be implemented using arrays, linked lists, or by using the built-in stack container from the Standard Template Library (STL). Understanding stacks helps beginners learn how data is managed and accessed in a structured and efficient way. Let’s Explore Stack Data Structure in C++ Today, we are going to use Stacks in C++ . We can make using either by using arrays or linked lists . A stack in C++ is a data structure that follows the Last In, First Out (LIFO) rule. This means the last element added is the first one removed, like a stack of books. In C++, stacks are commonly used through the STL std::stack . You can add elements using push() , remove the top eleme...

Introduction Traversal in a linked list in C++ refers to the process of visiting each node of the list one by one in order to access or display its data. Since linked lists do not store elements in contiguous memory locations like arrays, traversal is done using pointers. Starting from the head node, the program moves through each node by following the link to the next node until it reaches the end of the list. Understanding linked list traversal is essential because it is the foundation for many operations such as searching, updating, inserting, and deleting elements in a linked list. Let’s Explore Linked List Traversal in C++ Today, we are going to learn Traversal in a linked list in C++. Traversal in a linked list refers to the process of visiting each node of the list one after another, starting from the head node and continuing until the last node is reached. During traversal, we can perform operations such as displaying the data, searching for an element, or modifying values. S...

Introduction Recursion in C++ is a programming technique where a function calls itself to solve a problem step by step. Instead of solving the entire problem at once, recursion breaks it down into smaller sub-problems until it reaches a base condition. This approach is commonly used in problems related to mathematics, tree traversal, sorting algorithms, and divide-and-conquer techniques. In this blog post, we will understand how recursion works in C++, why a base case is important, and how recursive solutions can make complex problems easier to understand. Let’s Explore Recursion in C++ Today, we are going to use Recursion in C++. Recursion is a technique where a function calls itself to solve a problem. The idea is to break a big problem into smaller, similar problems until it becomes easy to solve. Every recursive function has two main parts. The base case stops the recursion, and the recursive case is where the function calls itself. Without a base case, the function will run f...

Introduction A circular linked list is a variation of the linked list in C++ where the last node points back to the first node, forming a continuous loop. This structure allows traversal of the list without reaching a NULL pointer. A doubly circular linked list extends this concept further by allowing movement in both forward and backward directions, with the last node linked to the first and the first linked to the last. These data structures are especially useful in applications such as task scheduling, playlists, and round-robin algorithms. In this blog post, we’ll explore how circular and doubly circular linked lists work in C++ and why they are important in data structure design. Let’s Explore Circular and Circular Doubly Linked Lists in C++ Today, we are going to use Circular Linked List and Doubly Circular Linked List in C++. Circular Linked List A circular linked list is a variation of a singly linked list in which the last node does not point to NULL . Instead, it poi...

Introduction A doubly linked list is an advanced form of linked list in C++ that allows traversal in both forward and backward directions. Unlike a singly linked list, each node in a doubly linked list contains three parts: the data, a pointer to the next node, and a pointer to the previous node. This two-way linking makes operations like insertion, deletion, and reverse traversal more efficient and flexible. Doubly linked lists are commonly used in applications such as navigation systems, undo-redo operations, and memory management. In this blog post, we’ll explore how doubly linked lists work in C++ and why they are an important data structure to understand. Let’s get started with Doubly Linked Lists. Today, we going to use Doubly Linked List in C++ . A doubly linked list (DLL) is a type of linked list where each node contains data and two pointers: one pointing to the next node and another to the previous node. This structure enables traversal in both forward and backward dir...

Introduction A linked list is one of the most important data structures in C++ used to store and manage a collection of elements dynamically. Unlike arrays, linked lists do not require continuous memory and can easily grow or shrink in size. Each element in a linked list, called a node , contains data and a pointer to the next node in the sequence. Linked lists are widely used in applications that require frequent insertion and deletion operations. In this blog post, we’ll explore what linked lists are, how they work in C++, and why they are a key concept in data structures and algorithms. Let’s Explore Linked Lists in C++ Today, we going to use Linked List in C++ . A linked list is a linear data structure that stores elements in non-contiguous memory locations. Unlike arrays, elements (called nodes ) are linked together using pointers, making insertion and deletion of elements more efficient.  Each node contains data and a pointer (or reference) to the next node. Unlike...

Introduction When learning C++, understanding algorithmic approaches is just as important as learning syntax or data structures. Algorithmic approaches describe the general strategies used to solve problems efficiently, such as brute force , divide and conquer , greedy methods , dynamic programming , and backtracking . These approaches help programmers think systematically and choose the right method for different types of problems. In C++, applying the correct algorithmic approach can greatly improve performance, readability, and scalability. In this blog post, we’ll break down essential algorithmic approaches in a simple and easy-to-understand way to help beginners build strong problem-solving skills. Let’s Explore Key Algorithmic Techniques in C++ Today, we going to learn  Algorithm's approaches in C++. Algorithm approaches are ways to solve problems efficiently. There are many algorithm approaches such as  brute force tries all possibilities, greedy makes the best choi...

Introduction When writing programs in C++, it’s not enough to make code that simply works—it should also be efficient . This is where time and space complexity come into play. Time complexity measures how long an algorithm takes to run as the input size grows, while space complexity measures how much memory it uses. Understanding these concepts helps programmers analyze, compare, and optimize their algorithms. In C++, knowing time and space complexities is essential for writing high-performance code, especially when working with large datasets and complex algorithms. In this blog post, we’ll explore what time and space complexity mean, why they matter, and how they help improve program efficiency. Let’s Dive into Time & Space Complexity in C++ Today, we going to learn Time and Space Complexities in C++. Time complexity is the measure of the time an algorithm takes to run as a function of the input size, while space complexity is the measure of the memory an algorithm requires...